Chinese Pronunciation
Mandarin uses four main tones plus a neutral tone, and some tones change in context. This guide explains how to pronounce each tone, the regular and irregular neutral tone, and tone sandhi rules for third tones, 一 (yī) and 不 (bù).
Chinese Grammar
吗 (ma), 呢 (ne) and 吧 (ba) all come at the end of a Chinese sentence but do different jobs: 吗 forms neutral yes–no questions, 呢 follows up on a topic, and 吧 asks for confirmation or makes a suggestion. Includes example sentences with pinyin.
Chinese Grammar
Basic Chinese statements follow subject–verb–object order, but time and place expressions usually come before the verb, and Chinese is topic-prominent. This guide covers sentence components, word order in statements and questions, and topic–comment sentences.
Chinese Grammar
再 and 又 can both translate as 'again', but they are not interchangeable. 再 usually refers to a repetition that has not happened yet, while 又 refers to one that already happened. This guide covers their basic uses with example sentences.
Chinese Grammar
了 and 过 can both relate an action to the past, but 过 marks something as an experience while 了 marks completion or change. This guide compares their similarities, word order, use with time words, negation and questions such as 你吃过了吗.